● The average patient only needs 40-50 ounces of all fluids in a day

● Reduce overall fluid consumption and specifically reduce evening intake

● Reduce salt intake, particularly for those with congestive heart failure. Major sources of salt come from processed/packaged foods, eating out, snacks, soups.

● Reduce evening consumption of diuretic drinks like caffeine, carbonation, and alcohol after 5pm

● Avoid use of nighttime diuretic meds (lasix (furosemide), Hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone) and move it to mid-afternoon

● Treat swelling in legs with compression stockings or afternoon elevation of the legs (above the level of the heart, 30 minutes)

● Avoid high blood sugars at night for those with diabetes

● Good sleep hygiene: sleep in a quiet room with low lighting and appropriate temperature, avoid nighttime electronic devices, avoid daytime naps

Version: YT 1/2025